The Culture Practice Of Vani

The Culture Practice Of VaniCulture is the come forthlines or track of purport, which is shargond by a large number of muckle. In culture, most trusts and activities create the favorable differences with other social group. Actually the culture is total of activities, and material or spiritual things. It is staple fibreally the logical and self made system of prize belief as well as primp of example which rile their characteristic and move everyplace time to time or coevals to generation. It also go fors to individual identity and let the take up of that culture. (Stavenhagen. R, 1998)The tradition is inherit elements of culture which move one generation to another. Actually tradition is set of traditions or dedicates, which be regularly, perform in our daily demeanor and which support the people in all circumstances that how they croupe surpass their life. (Stavenhagen. R, 1998)In all culture the tradition and gives atomic number 18 link every one lif e and dominating their every part of life akin birth, couplings demise ceremony etc. In Pakistani culture in that location atomic number 18 some tradition related to sexual union are exists deal watta satta, Karo Kari, vani, Swara etc.(Vani is a Pashto word derived from Vanay which stands for kindred. Vani is culture fare which is very gross in Pashtoon families. This cruel custom also radiation patterns in Punjab especially in Mianwali and neighboring areas, which give-up the ghosts thither social norm. Mianwali is a region in the northwest of Punjab province, in Pakistan. (Hashmi, A. Koukab, 2004) concord to vani it is the method of resolving strifes a deal(p) Qatal and Zana and settling debts betwixt families and tribes. According to this a custom, fe young-begetting(prenominal) who is the constituent of un fairnessful males family are unify or inclined to the dupes family as a compensation of his sin. These terminations are often final by a Jirga. (Chaudhr y.R, 2006).In phaktoon family, daughters are given Vani conjugation for as compensation of murder, adultery, abduction and slangnapping which is committed by the men of the family. (Usafzai , Ali. Z. 2004)In the tribes vani is example, which has no written rules and regulation. In vani, If one family or tribe of a village kills member of other family or tribe, thusly the felon family or tribe offer a girl or woman to the aggrieved family to dissolve the enmity.( Khattak, R. 2009).Vani Tradition is an old age tradition. This tradition started almost 400 historic period ago when two Pathan tribes of Mianwali fought a bloody war. During the war approximately 800 people were killed. At that time Nawab of Tank tried to solve the problem. He called the Girga (jirga) who decided that girls are given as Qisas. Later on this end became a custom which passed all over generation to generation. This tradition is practiced in different areas of Sindh, Punjab and NWFP. (Hashmi, A. Kouka b, 2004)These marriages are known as Vani, Sakh, Sawara, Sharam, Khoon Baha, and render Chatti with the difference of languages in different areas. (Zofeen T. E, 2006) In Punjab it is known as Vani, Sindh it is known as Sang Chati, Baluchistan it is known as Ijai, and NWFP it is known as Swara. These are an original room of different dissension resolution instrument. (Ramzan, I. 2009)The custom and tradition are unwritten and there are no hard and fast rules. So vani has practice in different ways. Mostly the vani decision is made harmonize to the record of plague. Hidden vani is the kind of vani when some kind of crime through for which two families are not wanted to open it for the sake of honour so it is done. It is type of secret vani. Mostly these issues are zana either zina bil jabar or zana annotation raza. In this type of possibilitys female indirectly convince the male for the particular(a) proposal. (Salamat, R.2007). The second kind of vani which is done in fro nt of tribe, in this case the decision is made by jirga. Mostly the decisions are done according to accomplished family will. (Salamat, R.2007).In vani custom the congeneric are decide at the time of decision in Punchayat that can be nikah, engagement or ruksati. In engagement the decision of vani women and men are decide and ruksati are decided later according to twain companionship will. Mostly this decision is done when girls are minor or not born except their decision of marriage is done. In second type of vani is that nikah are done immediately in jirga. This decision is done when severe kind of dispute is between two families. That time parents and no one has permission to stick around the nikah. In mostly cases the father or brother asks the nikah on the behalf of girl. at one time divagation of bride it also part of vani. In some cases the bride leave parents fireside immediately after the decision of vani and in some cases the mean solar day and month of departu re are decided in jirga and according to the decision the departure are done. (Salamat, R.2007)In some cases money and property is also given to the victim family with the women. This happen mostly in the cases of foresightful term enmity. second when rich families give vani to poor family then for the betterment of their girl criminal families give property or money to effected family. (Salamat, R. 2007)In the tribal area Vani is performed as beneficial instrument be receive this practice is resolve the dispute and tie the enemy in vigorous relation which neer breaks again. When there is enmity between two families and tribes due to some(prenominal) reason then people of both tribes arrange the marriage for the sake of new and strong relation. The criminal party accepts crime and gives her female to other party, through tolerant female to his family is compensation of sin and aggrieved party forgive them. In childly word the girl is used for compensation. (Salamat, R. 2007). The main thinking behind vani is that in dispute effected family actually loss their hounor because of criminal party. Women are dish out the hounor of family in that tribal areas so effected party take women of effected family as compensation. So through women actually they re crook their hounor. (Salamat, R. 2007).According to Moslem integrity of Qisas and Diyat, in compensation (Badal-i-Sulh)of murder , the criminal paid or given to a Wali, cash or in the form of moveable or movable property, which done according to mutual willingness of both parties and Shariah.( Chaudhry, Sharif, M. 1993). keep on in vani practice women give to another party as compensation. The some people are poor when they murder some one, then it is impractical for them to birth the Qisas and Diyat. So they give them women for compensation without money. Actually it is wrong. It is done to save the money and property, Due to materialistic world now a day even rich people of tribal areas also give th e women as vani and save their money and property. (Salamat, R. 2007).According to vani custom the either girl and women of criminal party accept as vani but in community the custom are not like this. There are some proffered girls or women for compensation purpose. These are sister, daughter, daughter of brother etc if girl of that criminal party is not available then they can buy the girl and give effected family. only mostly it is preferred that the girl and women are kid of that criminal person or group. In the effected family male member are also required for marriage purpose. There is no spec for male or bride groom. On effected side male can be brother, son, father etc. Mostly that person is chosen who are older, abnormal and those by whom marriage is not possible. (Salamat, R. 2007).It is in humane and unislamic practice that is violates of women basic human right hand. It is cruel meanness towards women, treating them as a property and cows that is used to settle dispu tes. Women repair for that crime which she never did. This tribal tradition makes the life of thousands of girls a living hell. (Ehsan A. 2006). forcefulness against women through customary practice like Vani, Watta satta, hounor killing, exists in Pakistan, Which was creating serious disorder in the parliamentary law and utilize the women life. These practice is become the social norms, Like Vani marriages has become as a social norm in tribal areas of Pakistan. (Hashmi, A. Koukab, Mushtaq. R, 2004). These practice are unendingly practice, in 2008 in Pakistan 50 cases of vani are done and under the jirga system and 210 cases of haled marriages are registered. (Awan. A, Z. 2009).Vani is a pre-Islamic tradition which has no scope in Islam. These practices must be condemned and penalize. Vani is also against the teachings of Islam. In Islam all marriage proscribed which done under any kind of pressure. The Holy Prophet (PBUH) has at many examples to stop such kind of marriages. These marriages were known as Sabaya, which is practice in the days of Jahiliya (ignorance). In which Arabs used to capture the ladies of enemy and get the better of after the battle. Vani is also the example of that marriage in two manners. A woman is married without her assume and punished for that crime which she never committed. Which is encumber in Islam(..In Islam there is no variety between persons on the basis of gender, color, race, nationality, wealth, etc. only the superiority of a person is ungenerous on justice, and moral excellence. So how it is possible, that any person exploited the womens life on the name of custom is Islamic practice. Islam gives women respect, honor, right to inherit property, to come after anyone with their own choice and the right to divorce. (..According to Islamic law a punishment should have four characteristics. It should be disciplinary, retributive, reformative and a limit. scarce vani has not any of these characteristic, because criminal himself goes free and innocent girl pay their unlimited cost. In Islam, there is no clear responsibility that every person must bear the burden of his/her own deeds, and in Islam no concept of women gives as compensation in Badal-i-Sulh. It violates the law of Qisas and Diyat. (Anis, F. 2003)According to oecumenic Declaration of Human Rights in article 1 that all human creation born free and equal right and dignity, but the vani practice is direct conflict with it 1 article. In vani practice the girl punished for those act which she never did. She is also born free and equal right like men. But she exploited in the hand of men and become commodity. As a human being she is free for take any decision, but in vani without her combine she gets marries with any person for revival. name 16 of Universal Declaration of Human Right, that there is no limitation for any men and women to marry and form a family. Without any discrimination of race, nationality or religion they can enjoy their marriage and family. There is free estimable consent for both men and women to choose their spouse. But in vani neither the men consent is asked or nor the women consent for marriage. Both men and women force to marrying to end of enmity. (Hashmi, A. Koukab, 2004)The vani practice is also violates the constitutional law. Like in vani women closeness and mobility are restricted but in Article 9 of the geological formation are guarantees that any person whether men and women has freedom of liberty. It also violates Article 4 of the make-up that guarantees that every citizen has full right to enjoy the certificate of the law but in vani practice law dont support her. It has say in Supreme Court that vani custom un-Islamic and unconstitutional under the Constitution of 1973. (Chaudhry, M.G. Ulfat, A. 2007)Pakistan is the member of CEDAW ( formula on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women) which work to treasure the women from discrimination, e ffect against women and protect their rights. In article 16 of CEDAW in which give tongue to that all parties shall take all proper step to eliminate discrimination against woman in all matters relating to marriage and family relations and ensure, on a basis of equality of men and women. In this article man and women both has right to enter in marriage and freely chosen the spouse. But in vani practice there are no concept consent and equal right for marriage. Women oppress for marriage by father, brother or other male member of night club. (Hashmi, A. Koukab, 2004)Vani is illegal practice. In 2002, the Chief legal expert of Pakistan declared vani as un-Islamic practice. In March 2004 a press constitutions of the equity and Justice Commission stated that,All people who include in vani decision must be punished. The Commission also came with a limn amendment to article 366-C of the Pakistan Penal Code. According to itThose entire person who take part in the decision of vani wh ether any person to offer or accept of women as vani, or whether the part of Punchayat they shall be punished in jail. Which is negligible 3 year or it can exceed 10 old age and also liable to a fine. Whether it is done with the consent of both the parties, or it is done with the consent of the female herself, it must be punished. But silence this amendment has not been passed. (Chaudhry, M.G. Ulfat, A. 2007)In vani practice marriage are done without the consent of girl so it is also violate the Hudood ordinance parting 6 in which force marriage under this practice consume to protection of law, because it is illegal. (Hashmi, A. Koukab, 2004)Vani practice is done mostly as child marriage which is prohibited in Islam and all over the world laws. According to UN Convention in which child marriage are prohibited under Rights of fry in article 2. At the same according to Muslim Family honor Ordinance, that at the time of marriage the girl must have reach at the age of 16 and a boy must reached at the age of 18, and both proper consent taken before marriage.According to Punishment for Parent or Guardian Concerned in a Child Marriage Section 6. If any persons promote the child marriage in any case or in any way shall be punished minimum 1 month or with fine which extends to one thousand rupees or with both. But vani mostly girls given over are below the age of 18 which is in conflict with these law and convention. . (Ebrahim, Z. 2009).Government takes initiative against vani, Like Human Rights Commission of Pakistan and different NGOs are working against the custom of vani. The Supreme Court of Pakistan has also taken action of forced marriages in different areas of parts of Sindh, Punjab and N.W.F.P. National Judicial polity making Committee in a meeting announced that vani is unislamic practice and it must be punished.( Minallah, S. (2007). In 2004 Pervez Musharraf, Pakistans ex- president, passed law against vani during visit by the US president, Georg e Bush. But it didnt implement because of laws limited influence in rural areas. In rural area feudal system is so strong so only 15 vani cases have been tried under the new law in Mianwali. (.There are several cultural factors which become the reasons of strength against women in Pakistan. Patriarchal society, misinterpretation of Islam, and cruel practices in culture are major cause of low women status. Women are considering as object and property. Vani practice is one of the major customary practices which become vital cause of women exploitation. The women pay the cost of that sin which actually they never did. The only sin of women is that she had the blood relation with sinner or criminal. Because of this her whole life are exploited. (Jehanzeb, 2004).If girl married as vani and went to enemy house then there is no place in society. They are treated by their new families without any kindness. Even parents of vani victims are mistreat with her after marriage and not think of her sacrificing. They have no place in either home or in-laws. The innocent girls are suffering forever in an environment of immunity Due to psychological trauma it difficult to handle the stressful petition of their maintain, children and in-laws. (Jehanzeb, 2004).Vani is considered an evil tradition and sever punishment, especially by the feminists because the main victim is the innocent and wordless girl who sacrifices for the sake of her brothers and parents. It is a cruel sort towards females because women bear the punishment of that crime which she never committed. (..According to the annual report of Human Rights Commission of Pakistan (2003), Vani is like of death punishment for victim women. Although they are not corporeally killed, but the humiliation, abuses and misery which they face in her husband home is terrible punishment which she faces in her whole life. Women face this for that crime which she never did. (p.56)Vani girl is just like a slave in their house, be cause she comes from the enemys family. The Taunts, curses and furiousness become the fate of vani women in everyday life, because she has blood relation with that person who killed their loved one. She is a continuously reminder in the in-laws of the death of their loved one. They try to give pain to the girl and her family members. (Ullah Khan, Z. 2006)This custom is like announcement of death sentence for girls, because she knows that she has to live in unwel advent and miserable scenario boulder clay the end of her life. She must lives in aggressive situation and she will never be happy there, because there no one love and fretfulness about her. Everyone abuse and taunt her, because she has blood relation with sinner. (Ebrahim, 2006).Vani whether is used justly or is misused, is against the norms of human rights. The vani girl has to bear psychological and mental whirl till the end of her life. That girl will have to live in an unsympathetic situation and she will never be h appy over there. The innocent girl never understands the cause of pain upon her. Her body, mind and intelligence would traumatize till she dies. They have to face terrible cost of that decision. (Khan, 2009).Violence against women is not only brings physical injuries, psychological impacts of violence become the cause of pressure on their power of thinking and behaving. This violence leaves a long lasted trauma which with no proper healing. (Babur Udin, Z . 2007). Because of vani women life becomes miserable. So being a mother miserable condition and lack of security makes children turn into indirect victims. Apart from the women suffering problems with self-esteem, their children face severe emotional and behavioral problems growing up with the traumatic. (Jehanzeb, 2004).Violence against women is not only about women violence on sex, or about conflict. It is about control, their mobility, their access to material resources and their both productive and reproductive role (Heise, Ellsberg and Gottemoeller( 1992) highlightp.2)In patriarchal society women has low status, because man considered as personal properties which control every facial gesture of lives of women including their life style, behavior and movements etc. Men make the decisions, and women pressurize to follow those decisions in family, tribe, community and society. Because of male dominating society women consider minority in society. (Hassan, 1995).In many tribal areas, women are even not considered as human beings. She is cattle or personal property which used for barter or to settle debts or conflicts. These types of practices become women low status in society. (Shaheed, 1990).In our society women are face discrimination and violence on a daily life, due to the cultural and religious norms and belief. In our society the concept of Char Divari, a term translated literally to mean the four walls of the house restricted women mobility. (Shaheed, F. ghazdar, A.1998) According to social no rm women restricted in her father and brother home and after marriage the live in husbands home. There is no other option for her. In the society the saying like ( aurat baap k ghar ko chorti hai dole mai or shohar k ghar ko coffin mai) mean women leave father home in betrothal palanquin and that of their husbands only in coffin. These types of social norms restricted women mobility. She faces psychological and physical violence but never dare to leave it.( shaheed,F. ghazdar,A.1998)In vani practice at the time of departure no brides are made in proper way and when she leave the father home that time their congenator and parents weep bitterly because they know that now her mobility is restricted. Even she never allows coming parents home expect particular occasion. (Salamat, R. 2007).In our society women continuously become the victims of this senseless violence. The hounor of family associated with women. Through out life it is internalized on her in socialization that family h ounor are linked with her action. Women spend whole life in endurance and fear that she doesnt do any thing which becomes the result of family dishonored in society. (Shaheed, F. ghazdar, A.1998) All her life she faces threats. She accepts all kind of violence for the sake of father, brother, or husband hounor and actually these relation makes women lives more miserable. So through out whole life women have pressure to safe the hounor of male and family in society. In vani same women has social pressure to safe the life and hounor of his male member of family. For the sake of his family so-called honour she spend whole life in hell (Babur Udin, Z. 2007)According to Human rights lawyer Hina Jilani (1998, p.143), women protection in the name of family honour from immoral activities is done for the sake of social holiness actually is the oppression of basic human rights of women.Gender-based violence included physical, psychological violence on women, which is done by her husband or by another person family. Physical violence includes torture beating longing and murdering of woman. Psychological violence includes verbal aggression, humiliation, abuse, taunt etc. (International Planned line Federation (2000). When vani women went husband home where she face physical violence like beating, torture of husband or other family member and also psychological violence like curses, abuse, taunt then how her life are secured. This violence has no limitation, women face it till death. (U, Ubaid. K, Ullah, Zia. F, Aliya. 2006)